African Journal for Infertility and Assisted Conception

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Infertility in a couple was for a long time, attributed mostly to the female partner. However, recent evidence indicates that the male contributes equally to the the male contributes equally to the problem, hence the need for a review of current evaluation of the infertile male. Common causes of infertility in the male can be due to pretesticular, testicular, and posttesticular factors. This categorization allows for a systematic evaluation ranging from simple semen analysis through serum hormonal assays, radiological investigations, and to testicular tissue biopsy for histological analysis. Following this evaluation, a rational treatment plan can be implemented. Male factor infertility should not be ignored in the management of the infertile couple and requires careful evaluation of the male partner and planning of appropriate treatment.

Background: According to the World Health Organization, more than 180 million couples globally suffer from infertility, the majority being residents of developing countries. Assisted reproductive technologies (ARTs) offer a chance at parenthood to couples, who until recently would have had no hope of having a “biologically related” child. Objectives: This study aimed to determine pregnancy outcomes following assisted conception. Materials and Methods: This is a prospective study of 104 clients who underwent the procedure of ART between January 1, 2012 and December 31, 2016 at the ART unit of University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, Nigeria. Results: Of the 510 clients who had infertility consultation at the ART clinic, 104 (20.4%) underwent ART procedures. The patients aged 27–46 years with a mean age of 33 ± 4.0 years. More than half (58.7%) had primary infertility. Their duration of infertility ranged from 1 to 20 years (4.6 ± 2.9 years). Majority (81.7%) had conventional in vitro fertilization while 19 (18.3%) had intracytoplasmic sperm injection. Thirteen (12.5%) cases of cycle cancellation and 11 (11.7%) cases of mild-to-moderate ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome were recorded. The clinical pregnancy rate per cycle started was 39.4%. However, 9/41 (22%) resulted in spontaneous miscarriages and 32 (6 sets of twin, 25 singleton, and 1 high-order multiple births) were successfully delivered, giving a live birth rate per cycle started of 30.8%. Pregnancy outcomes were not significantly affected by age of the women, types of infertility, and duration of infertility (P > 0.05). Conclusion: The outcomes of ART procedures in a resource-limited country like ours are encouraging. This underscores the need to encourage ART in public tertiary institutions in Nigeria through the support of government and nongovernmental organizations for the benefit of infertile couples who were hitherto hopeless.

Here, we report a rare case of chromosomal abnormality with translocation between bands Xq24 and 11q23.3 leading to premature ovarian insufficiency (POI). POI can occur due to various causes. Studies have shown that 10%–12% of women with POI have chromosomal abnormalities. This patient presented to us with secondary amenorrhea for the past 3 years. She had attained menarche at 13 years and had regular menstrual cycles for 9 years before suffering from secondary amenorrhea. She had no family history of POI. Her karyotype revealed 46XX,t(X;11)(q24;q23.3). Other investigations showed hypoestrogenism, raised follicle-stimulating hormone, low volume ovaries, small sized uterus, and cholelithiasis. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy was done along with pelvic laparoscopy and hysteroscopy. Sequential estrogen and progesterone was given to the patient for 3 months. Following that, in vitro fertilization with oocyte donation was done which resulted into positive beta-human chorionic gonadotropin.

Online since 12^th Aug, 2016